Dear Editor, FINGERTIP amputation is one of the most common industrial injuries and preservation of finger function, as much as possible, is very important for the affected patients. A thorough review of the most common treatment options for this type of lesion was more than necessary. All treatment modalities must restore the sensory function of FINGERTIP, stable and durable skin and maximum support for nail bed (1).

Cooperative arms are two or more arms in series which assume the structure of a parallel robot on account of gripping an intermediary object, and are commonly used in accurate assembly industries, coaxialization, movement of object, etc. Gripping an intermediary object is one of the complicated subjects in analysis of cooperative arms, whose analysis is mostly dependent upon the manner the object is gripped by the arms FINGERTIPs. In the case of griping objects in frictional manner, the elimination of unwanted slippage of FINGERTIPs on the object due to the environmental factors, and also the effect of the FINGERTIPs geometry on the movement equations are among the major topics in such arms analysis. The dynamic analysis and control synthesis of the undesired slippage between an object and robot FINGERTIPs in object manipulation and the effects of finger radius or geometry of the FINGERTIP on the function dynamics and slippage control is studied in this article. The slip/roll contact model is applied in the dynamic formulation and analysis of the finger geometry the effects of which are studied using numerical simulation.

FINGERTIP injuries are common in plastic surgery practice, with multiple options for the treatment. Dorsal flag flap has been one of the options for the treatment and it has been explained as a proximally based flap. We have tried to understand the reliability of the distally based dorsal flag flap for the finger defects. Methods This work was a retrospective study of consecutive patients with FINGERTIP injuries who had undergone the distally based dorsal flag flap for reconstruction. Results Among 19 patients who underwent reconstruction with the flag flap, 16 hetero-digital flap reconstructions, while 4 homo-digital flap reconstructions were done. We lost one flap, which was used for the same FINGERTIP reconstruction. We had four patients with FINGERTIP ulceration on the flap by 2 months which healed by regular dressings. Conclusion Distally based dorsal flag flap robust flap, which has a narrow base thus, improves maneuverability and helps in bringing the fingers to a comfortable position.

Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) screening is an important procedure to determine the prevalence of hepatitis B (HBV) in a community. However, it is difficult, time consuming and expensive. In this study we aim to investigate the efficacy and usefulness of fingerprint blood impregnated paper in HBsAg screening. To our knowledge, blood impregnated paper is a practical, useful method for HBsAg screening in the community.

BACKGROUND Many different flaps had been described to cover exposed bone in FINGERTIP amputations and injuries. The variants of VY advancement flap, by far the simplest, had proven to render good functional and aesthetic outcome. We aimed to revisit and compare the various VY advancement flaps in FINGERTIP reconstruction. METHODS PubMed [MEDLINE] database was searched for VY advancement flap in FINGERTIP reconstruction. Demographic and outcome data were extracted from relevant studies and comparative analysis was made. Patients with FINGERTIP amputations undergoing reconstruction by either Kutler of Atasoy flaps in our institute, were assessed for sensory recovery, cold intolerance, joint’, s range of motion, and aesthetic outcomes and results were analysed. RESULTS Among the 744 articles, 32 citations went full text review and were included, while data of 13 articles were tabulated. Weighted mean of 2PD in Kutler and Atasoy estimated to be 6 and 7. 5 mm respectively. Hook nail deformity was in 29% and 35%, pain was present in 71% and 30% patients, in Kutler and Atasoy flaps respectively. Forty FINGERTIPs with Allen type II/III were reconstructed. Sensory outcomes of Atasoy flap and Kutler flaps were better than the previous study results. Four patients had cold intolerance. All patients achieved satisfactory aesthetic outcome. CONCLUSION Over time, VY advancement flap have been successfully used for reconstruction of Allen type II-IV FINGERTIP amputations, as suggested by the good sensory, functional and aesthetic outcomes.

Background: Untrained FINGERTIP palpation has been shown to be unable to adjust endotracheal tube (ET) cuff pressure in most intubated patients.Objective: We determined the impact of a training course of ETT cuff adjustment by palpation in attaining a safe cuff inflation pressure.Patients and Methods: Twenty-five nurses were asked to adjust the ETT cuff pressure to 25 cmH2O by palpation on three different patients in seven sessions (S1-S7): before training, two hours and two days after first training session, and two hours, two days, one week, and eight months after second training session.Results: Before training, 41.3% of the cuff pressures were adjusted to the safe range of 21-35 cmH2O. The pressures obtained in S2-S7 were lower and less variable than S1 (P=0.02 to<0.0001). After the first training session, all the ETT cuff pressures in the high range (36-50 cmH2O) and 87.5% in the very high range (>50 cmH2O) changed to the safe range.Conclusions: Using trained FINGERTIP adjustment of the ETT cuff pressure throughout the nursing shift with protocols for the adjustment of out of range pressures at the beginning of each shift by cuff manometer could decrease the rate of ETT cuff over- and under-inflation.

Background: FINGERTIP injuries are among the most prevalent hand injuries. The FINGERTIP has important sensory and functional role. When the size of FINGERTIP skin defect is large, full thickness skin grafting is necessary. There are several donor sites for obtaining skin graft; however, there is no study concerning the best region of harvesting skin graft compatible with the FINGERTIP. Objectives: This study was designed to compare the skin grafts harvested from wrist and groin for FINGERTIP skin loss. Patients and Methods: A total of 72 patients in need of skin grafting were randomized to two group of 36 to receive skin graft harvested from the wrist or from the groin regions. The patients included 71 males and only one female patient who was in the wrist harvested group. All the patients were operated by one technique. The minimum follow-up period was 18 months. The grafted skin was evaluated clinically regarding two-point discrimination (TPD), light touch, ulcer, graft contracture, hair growth on the grafted skin, and color difference between the graft and recipient site, which was evaluated with photo analyzer in Photoshop software. Results: The grafted skins were compared between groups. Clinically, TPD and light touch were better (lower thresholds) in the wrist group (P < 0. 05). Moreover, The amount of skin contracture, color difference between grafted skin and recipient site, and hair follicle counts were less in the wrist group (P < 0. 001). In both groups, there were no ulcer and fissuring. Conclusions: For FINGERTIP injures, full thickness skin grafts harvested from the wrist have significantly better cosmetic and functional results including better TPD and light touch, less hair follicles, less color difference, and less contracture.